Between November 18 and 19, G20 leaders met in Rio de Janeiro, culminating in the G20 Leaders' Rio de Janeiro Summit Declaration. The declaration refers to support for efforts to work towards globalization by 2030 through existing goals and policies and on the basis of national circumstances.Triple the installed capacity of renewable energy and triple the global average annual rate of improvement in energy efficiency, and accordingly support the implementation of other zero- and low-emission technologies, including carbon abatement and removal technologies, by 2030. Phase out and regulate inefficient fossil fuel subsidies that encourage waste. Support sustainable and responsible supply chains for key raw materials, semiconductors and technologies.
The original text follows:
Declaration of the Rio de Janeiro Summit of the Leaders of the Group of Twenty (summary)
preamble
We, the leaders of the Group of Twenty (G20), meet in Rio de Janeiro on November 18-19, 2024, to address the major global challenges and crises and to promote strong, sustainable, balanced and inclusive economic growth. We meet at the birthplace of the United Nations sustainable development agenda and commit ourselves to building a just world and a sustainable planet, leaving no one behind.
International economic and political situation
We reaffirm the role of the Group of Twenty (G-20) as the main forum for international economic cooperation, which will shoulder its collective responsibility to effectively lead the global economy and create the conditions for sustainable, inclusive and resilient global development. We remain committed to supporting developing countries in addressing global crises and challenges and realizing sustainable development goals.
We live in an era of major geopolitical, socio-economic, environmental and climatic challenges and crises that require urgent action. The G-20 can provide much-needed international cooperation and political impetus to address these challenges. We reaffirm our support for the Sustainable Development Goals, and in 2024 we place addressing all forms of inequality at the center of the G-20 agenda around the theme "For a just world and a sustainable planet".
While the global economy continues to be characterized by many challenges, rising uncertainty and increased downside risks, we also note the good prospects for achieving a soft landing. In many parts of the world, economic activity is showing greater resilience than expected, and global inflation levels are coming down from high levels. We will continue to promote strong, sustainable, balanced and inclusive growth, mitigate cost-of-living pressures, safeguard fiscal sustainability and mitigate negative spillover effects, and promote an open, resilient, inclusive and stable financial system to support economic growth.
It is with a heavy heart that we note the immense human suffering and the negative impact of wars and conflicts in various parts of the world.
With regard to the ongoing conflicts and wars, we reaffirm our respective national positions and the resolutions adopted in the United Nations Security Council and the United Nations General Assembly, emphasizing the need for all States to act in a manner consistent with all the purposes and principles of the Charter of the United Nations. In accordance with the Charter of the United Nations, all States must refrain from the threat or use of force to seek to acquire territory, violate the territorial integrity and sovereignty or political independence of any State. All parties must comply with international law, including their obligations under international humanitarian law and international human rights law, and condemn all attacks against civilians and infrastructure.
While expressing our deep concern over the disastrous humanitarian situation in the Gaza Strip and the escalation of the situation in Lebanon, we emphasize the urgent need to expand humanitarian assistance, to strengthen the protection of civilians and to remove all obstacles to the large-scale provision of humanitarian assistance. War brings suffering and negative impact on humanity. Recognizing Palestine's right to self-determination, we reaffirm our unwavering support for the two-State solution, with Israel and Palestine living side by side in peace within secure and recognized borders, in accordance with international law and relevant United Nations resolutions. We support an immediate ceasefire in the Gaza Strip and in Lebanon in accordance with United Nations Security Council resolution 2735, to enable people on both sides of the Blue Line to return to their homes in safety.
With specific reference to the war in Ukraine, we recall our discussions in New Delhi and emphasize the human suffering caused by the war and its negative impact on global food and energy security, supply chains, macro-financial stability, inflation and economic growth. All relevant constructive initiatives in support of a comprehensive, just and lasting peace that upholds all the purposes and principles of the Charter of the United Nations and promotes peace, friendship and good-neighbourly relations among nations are welcome.
We will build a safer world without nuclear weapons and fulfill our responsibilities to that end. Condemn terrorism in all its forms and manifestations.
The peaceful resolution of conflicts, efforts to resolve crises, as well as diplomacy and dialogue, are all essential. Only in peaceful situations can we achieve sustainable development and prosperity.
In order to achieve cooperative results, the Brazilian Presidency has identified three priority areas for the work of the G20 in 2024: social inclusion and the fight against hunger and poverty; sustainable development, energy transition and climate action; and reform of the institutions of global governance.
Social inclusion and the fight against hunger and poverty
The world produces enough food to eradicate hunger. The Group of Twenty (G20) has established the Global Alliance against Hunger and Poverty to support country-led and country-owned projects to reduce hunger and poverty globally and to reinvigorate the global partnership for sustainable development. Sustained improvements in agricultural productivity and food losses. Countries are interdependent in achieving food security and nutrition and need open trade policies consistent with World Trade Organization rules.
The G-20 reaffirmed its support for the United Nations development agenda and looked forward to the successful holding of the Fourth International Conference on Financing for Development in Spain in 2025. It was committed to helping developing countries to better integrate into the global industrial, value and supply chains and to accelerating the industrialization and modernization of developing countries.
Corruption affects sustainable development, and combating it contributes to a just world and a sustainable planet. The G-20 is determined to play a leading role in the global fight against corruption and illicit financial flows by maximizing the use of the Global Network for Anti-Corruption Law Enforcement Cooperation (GNACLEC) and other cooperation networks.
Appreciate the tax reforms undertaken by G20 members. Seek cooperation to ensure effective taxation of ultra-high-net-worth individuals, with full respect for tax sovereignty. Address the challenges of economic digitization on taxation and engage in constructive discussions at the United Nations on the development of a framework convention on international cooperation in tax matters and its protocols.
Work towards the 21st round of the World Bank's International Development Association replenishment. Multiple factors, such as market volatility, a tight financial environment and debt vulnerability, will push up the cost of financing. The international community is called upon to provide support to countries with sustainable debt but facing short-term liquidity challenges. Encourage the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank to continue to seek viable programs with clear country profiles and voluntary participation to assist these countries.
Reaffirm the central coordinating role of the World Health Organization in the global health architecture and support its financing activities. Provide people-centered health services and restore health systems to a higher level than before the epidemic in the next one to two years. Recognize the potential role of traditional medicine. Recognize the contribution of the Epidemic Pandemic Fund. Support the drafting of a World Health Organization convention, agreement, or other international instrument for pandemic prevention, preparedness, and response, with full respect for the sovereignty of States. Coordinate response to monkeypox outbreaks and other public health emergencies.
Quality education and training, including digital education, play a key role in promoting sustainable economic and social development. Recognize the power and intrinsic value of culture in promoting solidarity, dialogue and cooperation among nations. Call on the international community to discuss the return of cultural heritage, including cultural heritage that has been illegally exported.
To fully realize the potential of digital technologies and promote digital connectivity and cross-border data flows. Reaffirm the important role of open and mutually beneficial international cooperation for research and innovation. All parties can promote the exchange of researchers and scientists through tools such as open science, voluntary technology transfer and capacity building. Protect workers' rights and empower workers. Promote gender equality and women's empowerment and implement the Beijing Declaration of the World Conference on Women. Strengthen international cooperation in disaster reduction. Ensure safe, orderly and regular migration.
Sustainable development, energy transition and climate action
In the area of climate change, reaffirm our commitment to multilateralism to address climate change in accordance with the principle of common but differentiated responsibilities and respective capabilities. Reaffirm the Paris Agreement temperature control goal of limiting the increase in global average temperature to 2 degrees Celsius above pre-industrial levels and work to limit it to 1.5 degrees Celsius. Strive to achieve net zero global greenhouse gas emissions/carbon neutrality by or around mid-century. Encourage countries to set nationally owned contribution targets for the next round.
The G-20 will cooperate to promote a supportive and open international economic system that supports sustainable economic growth and development in all countries and better responds to climate change. Measures taken to address climate change, including unilateralism, should not constitute a means of arbitrary or unjustifiable discrimination or a disguised restriction on international trade. Expand the provision of climate finance and investment to developing countries. There is a need for a rapid and substantial increase in climate finance, jumping it to the order of trillions of dollars. Implement the G-20 Roadmap for Sustainable Finance. Welcome the establishment by the Brazilian Presidency of the Task Force on Global Mobilization on Climate Change. Support the success of the twenty-ninth Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change and look forward to a new collective quantitative target for climate finance.
Support efforts to triple the global installed renewable energy capacity and triple the global average annual rate of improvement in energy efficiency by 2030 through existing targets and policies and on the basis of national circumstances and, accordingly, support the implementation of other zero- and low-emission technologies, including carbon abatement and removal technologies, by 2030. Phase out and regulate inefficient fossil fuel subsidies that encourage waste.Support sustainable and responsible supply chains for key raw materials, semiconductors and technologies.
Full and effective implementation of the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework. Manage forests sustainably and combat deforestation. Follow World Trade Organization rules and multilateral environmental agreements and avoid discriminatory green economy policies. Adopt sustainable production and consumption patterns and sustainable lifestyles. Resolve to end plastic pollution. Support the Third United Nations Conference on Oceans in 2025 and continue the implementation of the G20 Bioeconomy Initiative in 2025.
Reform of institutions of global governance
The challenges facing the international community can only be addressed multilaterally. The G-20 is committed to revitalizing and strengthening the multilateral system, adhering to the purposes and principles of the Charter of the United Nations and international law, and making the relevant international institutions more representative and effective.
In the area of United Nations reform, revitalize the General Assembly of the United Nations and strengthen its role as the chief deliberative, policy-making and representative organ of the United Nations, as well as the Economic and Social Council and the Peacebuilding Commission. Promote a more representative United Nations Secretariat, with staff selected on the basis of equitable geographical distribution. Reform the UN Security Council to bring it into line with the realities and needs of the 21st century, make it more representative, inclusive and effective, and improve its working methods. Call for an expansion of the composition of the UNSC to increase the representation of under-represented and unrepresented regions and groups, such as Africa, Asia-Pacific, Latin America and the Caribbean.
In the area of international financial reform, implement the World Bank's reform road map and mobilize more funds to help low- and middle-income countries. Look forward to the World Bank's 2025 equity review. Increase the representation and voice of developing countries in multilateral development banks and other international economic financial institutions, and welcome the creation of an additional seat for Africa on the Executive Board of the International Monetary Fund. Build a strong, quota-based and well-resourced International Monetary Fund, and welcome the organization's development of a program on quota adjustment by June 2025, including the adoption of a new quota formula. The International Monetary Fund's efforts to refinance $100 billion in special drawing rights for countries in need have achieved a milestone. Progress in the implementation of the Common Framework for Debt Treatment by the Group of Twenty was welcome, as was the adherence to all commitments made in the Common Framework, including its final paragraph.
In the area of international trade reform, build a rules-based, non-discriminatory, fair, open, inclusive, equitable, sustainable and transparent multilateral trading system with the World Trade Organization at its core. Ensure fair competition in line with World Trade Organization rules and create a favourable trade and investment environment for all. Support the necessary reform of the World Trade Organization to establish a dispute settlement mechanism that is accessible, complete and well-functioning for all members by 2024.
In the area of artificial intelligence, strive to make artificial intelligence work for good and for the benefit of all, and address challenges in a responsible, inclusive and people-centered manner. Promote AI governance that is conducive to innovation. Recognize the United Nations and other forums to promote international cooperation on AI, including AI-enabled sustainable development. Call for support for capacity building in developing countries. Welcome international initiatives that support the above efforts. 2025 Establishment of the G20 Task Force on Artificial Intelligence.
Building an inclusive and effective G20
Welcome the AU as a full member of the G20. Commit to support African countries through, inter alia, the G20 Initiative in Support of the Industrialization of Africa and the Least Developed Countries (issued at the Hangzhou Summit).
The G-20 is an informal organization led by leaders. Member facilitators will assess the work of the first rotating presidency cycle and make recommendations for the next cycle, including arrangements for future presidencies.
The parties thanked Brazil for its leadership of the G20 this year and welcomed the desire of the Saudi Arabian presidency to take an early turn in the G20 presidency. They look forward to working together during the South African presidency in 2025 and to meeting again in the United States in 2026.
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