On August 11, the CPC Central Committee and the State Council issued the Opinions on Accelerating Comprehensive Green Transformation of Economic and Social Development. This is the first time that a systematic deployment has been made at the central level to accelerate the comprehensive green transformation of economic and social development.
By 2030, positive progress will have been made in green transformation in key areas, green modes of production and lifestyles will have basically taken shape, the synergistic capacity for pollution reduction and carbon reduction will have been significantly strengthened, the efficiency of major resource utilization will have been further enhanced, the system of policies and standards in support of green development will be more complete, and the overall green transformation of economic and social development will have achieved significant results. By 2035, a green, low-carbon and recycling development economic system will have been basically established, green modes of production and lifestyles will have been widely formed, significant progress will have been made in the synergy of pollution reduction and carbon reduction, the efficiency of the utilization of major resources will have reached the international advanced level, economic and social development will have entered into a green and low-carbon track in a comprehensive manner, carbon emissions will have decreased steadily after reaching the peak, and the goal of a beautiful China will have been basically realized.
The Opinions point out the need to: vigorously develop green and low-carbon industries. Accelerate the development of strategic emerging industries, build a green manufacturing system and service system, and continuously improve the proportion of green low-carbon industries in the total economy. By 2030, the scale of energy conservation and environmental protection industry reached about 15 trillion yuan.
Strengthening the clean and efficient utilization of fossil energy. We will strengthen the construction of the energy production, supply, storage and marketing system, adhere to the principle of establishing before breaking, promote the safe, reliable and orderly substitution of fossil energy by non-fossil energy sources, continue to optimize the energy structure, and accelerate the planning and construction of a new type of energy system.
Vigorously developing non-fossil energy. It has accelerated the construction of clean energy bases such as northwest wind and photovoltaic power, southwest hydropower, offshore wind power and coastal nuclear power, actively developed distributed photovoltaic power and decentralized wind power, developed new energy sources such as biomass, geothermal energy and ocean energy in accordance with local conditions, and pushed forward the development of the whole chain of hydrogen energy "making, storing, transporting and utilizing". Integrate hydropower development and ecological protection, and promote the integrated development of water, wind and light. It will actively develop nuclear power in a safe and orderly manner, and maintain a reasonable layout and a smooth construction rhythm. By 2030, the proportion of non-fossil energy consumption will increase to about 25%.
Accelerating the construction of a new type of power system. It will strengthen the convergence and synergy of clean energy bases, regulating resources and transmission corridors in terms of scale capacity, spatial layout and construction tempo, encourage the layout of natural gas peaking power stations in areas where gas sources can be realized and gas prices can be afforded, and scientifically lay out pumped-storage, new-type energy storage, and solar-thermal power generation, so as to enhance the safe operation and comprehensive regulating capacity of the power system. It will build smart grids, accelerate the construction of microgrids, virtual power plants, and source-network-load-storage integration projects. Strengthen demand-side management of electricity. Deepen the reform of the electric power system, and further improve the institutional mechanism adapted to the new type of power system. By 2030, the installed capacity of pumped storage energy will exceed 120 million kilowatts.
Vigorously develop green and low-carbon buildings. Establishing a building energy efficiency rating system. It has raised the proportion of star-rated green buildings in new buildings and promoted the large-scale development of ultra-low-energy-consumption buildings. Accelerate the energy-saving, water-saving and carbon-reducing renovation of existing buildings and municipal infrastructure, and promote advanced and high-efficiency lighting, air-conditioning, elevators and other equipment. Optimize the energy-using structure of buildings, promote the integrated construction of photovoltaics in buildings, promote the application of "light storage, direct and soft" technology, and develop clean and low-carbon heating.
Building green transportation infrastructure. Upgrade the green and intelligent level of newly built stations, airports, terminals and highway facilities, promote the energy-saving and carbon-reducing transformation and upgrading of existing transportation infrastructure, build a number of low-carbon (near-zero-carbon) stations, airports, terminals and highway service areas, and develop photovoltaics along highways in accordance with local conditions.
The original text follows:
State Council of the Communist Party of China (CPC)On accelerating economic and social developmentViews on a comprehensive green transformation
(July 31, 2024)
Promoting the greening and decarbonization of economic and social development is an important symbol of the Party's new philosophy and practice of governance in the new era, a key link in the realization of high-quality development, a fundamental solution to the ecological problems of China's resources and environment, and an intrinsic requirement for the construction of a modernization of the harmonious coexistence of human beings and nature. In order to accelerate the comprehensive green transformation of economic and social development, the following views are put forward.
I. General requirements
Adhere to the guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics in the New Era, thoroughly implement the spirit of the 20th CPC National Congress and the 2nd and 3rd Plenary Sessions of the 20th CPC Central Committee, fully implement Xi Jinping Thought on Economy and Xi Jinping Thought on Ecological Civilization, completely and accurately and comprehensively carry out the new development concept, accelerate the construction of a new development pattern, unswervingly take the road of ecological priority, conservation and intensification of energy saving and green and low-carbon high-quality development, and take the work of carbon peak carbon neutrality as the Leading the way, we will synergistically promote carbon reduction, pollution reduction, green expansion and growth, deepen the reform of the ecological civilization system, improve the mechanism for green and low-carbon development, accelerate the comprehensive green transformation of economic and social development, form a spatial pattern, industrial structure, mode of production, and way of life that saves resources and protects the environment, comprehensively promote the construction of a beautiful China, and accelerate the modernization of harmonious coexistence between human beings and nature.
Work to do:
--Adhere to comprehensive transformation. Firmly establish the concept that green mountains are golden mountains, integrate the requirements of green transformation into the overall economic and social development, promote green transformation in all aspects, in all fields and in all areas, and build a community of life between man and nature.
--Adhere to synergistic transformation. Taking full account of the development realities of different regions and industries, insisting on the combination of integrated promotion and key breakthroughs, scientifically setting up timetables, road maps and construction plans for green transformation, and encouraging regions and industries in a position to do so to explore them first.
--Adhere to innovation and transformation. Strengthen scientific and technological innovation, policy and institutional innovation, and business model innovation to support green transformation, promote the green low-carbon scientific and technological revolution, develop new quality productive forces in accordance with local conditions, and improve the ecological civilization institutional system, so as to provide stronger innovation momentum and institutional guarantee for green transformation.
--Adhere to safe transformation. We will deal with the relationship between development and emission reduction, the whole and the part, the present and the long term, and the government and the market in an integrated manner, properly guard against and resolve the internal and external risks and challenges of green transformation, and effectively safeguard the security of food and energy, the industrial chain and supply chain, and better protect the production and life of the people.
The main objectives are: by 2030, positive progress will have been made in green transformation in key areas, green modes of production and lifestyles will have basically taken shape, the synergistic capacity for pollution reduction and carbon reduction will have been significantly strengthened, the efficiency of the utilization of major resources will have been further enhanced, the system of policies and standards in support of green development will be more complete, and the overall green transformation of economic and social development will have achieved significant results. By 2035, a green, low-carbon and recycling development economic system will have been basically established, green modes of production and lifestyles will have been widely formed, significant progress will have been made in the synergy of pollution reduction and carbon reduction, the efficiency of the utilization of major resources will have reached the international advanced level, economic and social development will have entered into a green and low-carbon track in a comprehensive manner, carbon emissions will have decreased steadily after reaching the peak, and the goal of a beautiful China will have been basically realized.
II. Building a spatial pattern of green, low-carbon and high-quality development
(a) Optimizing the pattern of land space development and protection. It will improve a nationally unified, clearly defined, scientific and efficient national land space planning system, strictly abide by the three control lines of arable land and permanent basic farmland, the red line of ecological protection, and the urban development boundary, and optimize various types of spatial layouts. Improve the system of main functional areas, promote the comprehensive layout of main functions, refine the division of main functional areas, and improve differentiated policies. Accelerate the construction of a nature reserve system with national parks as the main body, nature reserves as the foundation, and various types of nature parks as supplements. Strengthen ecological environment zoning control. Improve the system for the development and protection of marine resources, systematically plan the development and utilization of the oceans, and promote the synergistic and sustainable development of the land and the sea.
(ii) Creating a green development plateau. It will strengthen regional collaboration on green development, promote coordinated development and coordinated transformation, and create growth poles and power sources for green, low-carbon and high-quality development. It will promote the coordinated development of Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei, improve the mechanism for coordinated protection of the ecological environment, and support the construction of the Xiongan New Area as a model of a green development city. Continuously push forward the common protection of the Yangtze River Economic Belt, and explore a new path of ecological priority and green development. Deeply promote the construction of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area and the integrated development of the Yangtze River Delta, and create a world-class green and low-carbon industrial cluster. Promote the construction of a free trade port in Hainan and the ecological protection and high-quality development of the Yellow River Basin. Build an advanced zone of Beautiful China. Continuously increase support for the green transformation of resource-based regions and old revolutionary areas, and foster the development of green and low-carbon industries.
III. Accelerating the green and low-carbon transformation of the industrial structure
(c) Promoting the green and low-carbon transformation and upgrading of traditional industries. Vigorously promote the green and low-carbon transformation of iron and steel, non-ferrous metals, petrochemicals, chemicals, building materials, paper-making, printing and dyeing, and other industries, promote energy-saving, low-carbon and cleaner production technologies and equipment, and promote the updating and upgrading of processes. Optimize the scale and layout of production capacity, continuously update the binding standards for land, environment, energy efficiency, water efficiency and carbon emissions, lead the optimization and upgrading of traditional industries by upgrading national standards, and establish a sound mechanism for the withdrawal of production capacity. Reasonably raise the resource and environmental access thresholds for new construction, reconstruction and expansion projects, and resolutely curb the blind launching of high-energy-consumption, high-emission and low-level projects.
(d) Vigorously developing green and low-carbon industries. Accelerate the development of strategic emerging industries, build a green manufacturing system and service system, and continuously increase the proportion of green and low-carbon industries in the total economy. Accelerate the cultivation of competitive green and low-carbon enterprises, and create a number of leading enterprises and specialized small and medium-sized enterprises. Vigorously promote contract energy management, contract water-saving management, third-party management of environmental pollution and other modes and environmental hosting services oriented to the effects of environmental management. Promote the high-quality development of the cultural industry and the deep integration of culture and tourism. Actively encourage the accelerated development of green and low-carbon oriented new industries, new business forms and new business models. By 2030, the scale of the energy conservation and environmental protection industry will reach about 15 trillion yuan.
(v) Accelerating the synergistic transformation and development of digitalization and greening. Promote the deep integration of industrial digitalization and intelligence with greening, deepen the application of artificial intelligence, big data, cloud computing, industrial Internet and other technologies in the electric power system, industrial and agricultural production, transportation, building construction and operation, and realize the green transformation empowered by digital technology. Promote all kinds of users to "go to the cloud, use digital and empower wisdom", and support enterprises to transform and upgrade traditional industries with digital and green technologies. Promote the construction of green and low-carbon digital infrastructure, push forward the energy-saving and carbon-reducing transformation of existing facilities, and gradually phase out "old, small and scattered" facilities. Guiding the green and low-carbon development of digital technology enterprises and helping upstream and downstream enterprises to improve their carbon reduction capacity. Explore the establishment of efficient monitoring, active early warning, scientific analysis and intelligent decision-making systems for environmental pollution and meteorological disasters. Promote the construction of a three-dimensional China and the application of spatial and temporal information empowerment.
IV. Steady promotion of a green and low-carbon energy transition
(vi) Strengthening the clean and efficient utilization of fossil energy. It will strengthen the construction of energy production, supply, storage and marketing systems, adhere to the principle of establishing before breaking, promote the safe, reliable and orderly substitution of fossil energy by non-fossil energy sources, continue to optimize the energy structure, and accelerate the planning and construction of a new energy system. Firmly control the consumption of fossil energy, promote the clean and efficient utilization of coal, strictly and reasonably control the growth of coal consumption during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, gradually reduce it in the next five years, continue to implement total coal consumption control in key regions on the premise of ensuring the safe supply of energy and actively and orderly promote the replacement of loose coal. We will accelerate the energy-saving and carbon-reducing transformation, flexibility transformation and heating transformation of existing coal power units, and rationally plan the construction of regulating and supportive coal power plants that are necessary to safeguard the security of the power system. Increase the exploration and development of oil and gas resources and increase reserves and production, and accelerate the integration of oil and gas exploration and development with new energy sources. Promote the construction of carbon dioxide capture, utilization and storage projects.
(vii) Vigorously developing non-fossil energy sources. Accelerate the construction of clean energy bases such as northwest wind and photovoltaic power, southwest hydropower, offshore wind power and coastal nuclear power, actively develop distributed photovoltaic power and decentralized wind power, develop new energy sources such as biomass, geothermal energy and ocean energy in accordance with local conditions, and push forward the development of the "production, storage, transportation and use" of the whole chain of hydrogen energy. Integrate hydropower development and ecological protection, and promote the integrated development of water, wind and light. It will actively develop nuclear power in a safe and orderly manner, and maintain a reasonable layout and a smooth construction rhythm. By 2030, the proportion of non-fossil energy consumption will increase to about 25%.
(viii) Accelerating the construction of a new type of power system. It will strengthen the connection and synergy of clean energy bases, regulatory resources and transmission channels in terms of scale capacity, spatial layout and construction tempo, encourage the layout of natural gas peaking power stations in areas where gas sources can be realized and gas prices can be afforded, and scientifically lay out pumped-storage, new energy storage and solar thermal power generation, so as to enhance the safe operation and comprehensive regulatory capacity of the power system. It will build smart grids, accelerate the construction of microgrids, virtual power plants, and source-network-load-storage integration projects. Strengthen demand-side management of electricity. Deepen the reform of the electric power system, and further improve the institutional mechanism adapted to the new type of power system. By 2030, the installed capacity of pumped storage energy will exceed 120 million kilowatts.
V. Promoting the green transformation of transport
(ix) Optimizing the transport structure. It will build a green and efficient transportation system, improve the national railroad, highway and water transportation networks, promote a reasonable division of labor and effective connection between different modes of transportation, and reduce the empty-load rate and unreasonable passenger and freight turnover. It will vigorously promote the development of "one single system" and "one box system" for multimodal transportation, accelerate the construction of dedicated freight railroads and inland waterway networks, promote the construction of dedicated railroad lines in major ports, large-scale industrial and mining enterprises, and logistics parks, increase the proportion of green collection and distribution, and continue to increase the proportion of railway, waterway and waterway transportation for bulk cargoes. The proportion of railroad and waterway transportation of bulk goods will be continuously increased. Optimize civil aviation routes and routes, and enhance the level of electrification and intelligence in airport operation.
(j) Building green transportation infrastructure. It will enhance the green and intelligent level of newly built stations, airports, terminals and highway facilities, promote energy-saving and carbon-reducing transformation and upgrading of existing transportation infrastructure, build a number of low-carbon (near-zero carbon) stations, airports, terminals and highway service areas, and develop photovoltaics along highways in accordance with local conditions. Improve the infrastructure network of charging (exchange) power stations, hydrogen (alcohol) stations, shore power, etc., and accelerate the construction of urban intelligent transportation management systems. Improve the urban and rural logistics and distribution system, and promote the green and intelligent transformation of distribution methods. Deeply implement the strategy of giving priority to the development of urban public transportation, and improve the service level of public transportation. Strengthen the construction of urban slow-moving systems such as pedestrian walkways and bicycle lanes.
(xi) Promoting low-carbon means of transportation. Vigorously promoting new energy vehicles and promoting the replacement of urban public service vehicles with electric ones. It will promote the adoption of clean power for ships, aircraft and non-road mobile machinery, accelerate the elimination of old means of transportation, promote zero-emission freight transport, strengthen the research and development and application of sustainable aviation fuels, and encourage the research and development, production and application of net-zero-emission marine fuels. By 2030, the carbon emission intensity of the converted turnover per unit of operational transportation means will be about 9.5% lower than that of 2020. By 2035, new energy vehicles will become the mainstream of newly sold vehicles.
VI. Promoting the green transformation of urban and rural construction and development
(xii) Promoting green planning and construction methods. The requirements for green transformation will be fully implemented in all aspects of urban and rural planning, construction and governance. It advocates green and low-carbon planning and design concepts, strictly abides by urban development boundaries, controls the excessive growth of new construction land, protects and restores ecological spaces such as green areas, waters and wetlands, and rationally plans areas where noise-sensitive buildings are concentrated. Promote the construction of climate-adaptive cities and enhance the climate resilience of urban and rural areas. It will promote green construction methods, prioritize the use of green building materials, and deepen the comprehensive management of dust pollution.
(m) Vigorously developing green and low-carbon buildings. A building energy efficiency rating system has been established. It will raise the proportion of star-rated green buildings in new buildings and promote the large-scale development of ultra-low-energy-consumption buildings. Accelerate the energy-saving, water-saving and carbon-reducing renovation of existing buildings and municipal infrastructure, and promote advanced and efficient lighting, air conditioning, elevators and other equipment. Optimize the energy-using structure of buildings, promote the integrated construction of photovoltaics in buildings, promote the application of "light storage, direct and soft" technology, and develop clean and low-carbon heating.
(xiv) Promoting green development in agriculture and rural areas. It will implement actions to reduce emissions and sequester carbon in agriculture and rural areas, optimize the structure of farming, promote good crop and livestock varieties and green and efficient cultivation and breeding techniques, and promote the reduction and efficiency of chemical fertilizers, pesticides and other agricultural inputs. Establish and improve the collection, utilization and treatment system of agricultural waste such as straw, agricultural film, pesticide packaging waste, livestock and poultry manure, and strengthen the control of straw burning. In-depth promotion of rural habitat improvement and upgrading, cultivating new industries and new forms of green development in the countryside. Develop and utilize renewable energy according to local conditions, and promote clean heating in rural areas in an orderly manner.
VII. Implementation of a comprehensive savings strategy
(xv) Vigorously promoting energy conservation, carbon reduction and efficiency. It has been working on energy conservation at a high level and with high quality, promoting energy-saving and carbon-reducing transformation in key industries, and accelerating the replacement and upgrading of equipment and products. It will build a statistical accounting system for carbon emissions, strengthen the energy-saving review of fixed-asset investment projects, explore the development of carbon emission evaluation of projects, and strictly control energy consumption and carbon emissions of new projects. Promote the establishment of a sound management mechanism for energy conservation and carbon reduction in enterprises, promote the "diagnosis + transformation" model of energy conservation and carbon reduction, and strengthen energy-saving supervision.
(p) Strengthening the economical, intensive and efficient utilization of resources. It will improve the system of total resource management and comprehensive conservation, and strengthen the whole-process management and whole-chain conservation of various types of resources, such as water, food, land and minerals. It will implement a system of rigid constraints on water resources, develop water-saving industries, strengthen the utilization of non-conventional water sources, and build a water-saving society. It will implement the anti-food waste law, improve the long-term mechanism for food and food conservation, and carry out food conservation actions. It will implement the strictest arable land protection system and land conservation and intensive utilization system, promote land-saving technologies and land-saving models, optimize the development and utilization of stock of land, and enhance the efficiency of sea space utilization. It will strengthen the exploration, protection and rational development of mineral resources, improve the efficiency of mining, and enhance the utilization of low-grade resources.
(xvii) Vigorously developing the circular economy. It will promote in-depth actions to help reduce carbon emissions through the circular economy, promote resource-cycling production models, vigorously develop resource recycling industries, promote the high-quality development of the remanufacturing industry, improve the quality of recycled materials and products, and expand the scale of substitution for primary resources. Promote the classification of domestic garbage and enhance the utilization rate of resource utilization. Improve the waste recycling system, strengthen the capacity of waste classification, disposal and recycling, and enhance the scale, standardization and refinement of recycling. By 2030, the annual utilization of bulk solid waste will reach about 4.5 billion tons, and the output rate of major resources will be about 45% higher than in 2020.
VIII. Promoting a green transition in consumption patterns
(xviii) Promoting green lifestyles. It vigorously advocates simple and moderate, green and low-carbon, civilized and healthy lifestyles and consumption patterns, integrating green concepts and conservation requirements into social norms such as civic conventions, village rules and regulations, student codes and group charters, and enhancing the awareness of all people of the need to conserve, protect the environment and become ecologically aware. Carry out green and low-carbon actions for all people, guide the public to save water and electricity, oppose wastefulness, promote the "CD-ROM action", resist excessive packaging, reduce the use of disposable items, guide the public to give priority to public transportation, walking, bicycling and other green modes of transport, carry out extensive patriotic hygiene campaigns, and promote the resolution of environmental problems around the masses, such as noise, fumes and odors, to form an environmentally friendly society. environmental problems around the masses, and forming a social atmosphere that advocates ecological civilization.
(xix) Increasing the supply of green products. Enterprises are being guided to carry out green design, select green materials, promote green manufacturing, adopt green packaging, carry out green transportation and recycle resources, so as to reduce the consumption of energy and resources and the ecological and environmental impacts of the entire life cycle of products. It will establish and improve green product design, procurement and manufacturing standards and norms, strengthen the construction of green product certification and labeling systems, improve energy efficiency and water efficiency labeling systems, and establish product carbon footprint management systems and product carbon labeling certification systems. It will strengthen the management of green product and service certification, improve the regulatory mechanism for certification organizations, and cultivate green certification organizations with international influence.
(xx) Actively expanding green consumption. Improve the incentive mechanism for green consumption. Optimizing government green procurement policies, expanding the scope and scale of green product procurement, and incorporating carbon footprint requirements into government procurement in due course. Guiding enterprises to implement green procurement guidelines, encouraging enterprises in a position to do so to establish green supply chains, and driving the collaborative transformation of upstream and downstream enterprises. Supporting regions with the conditions to guide consumers to purchase green products by issuing consumption vouchers and green points, and encouraging enterprises to adopt "trade-in" and other methods. It will carry out activities for new energy vehicles and green smart home appliances, water-saving appliances, energy-saving stoves and green building materials to the countryside, and strengthen the construction of supporting facilities and after-sales service. Users are encouraged to expand green energy consumption.
IX. Playing a supporting role in science and technology innovation
(xxi) Strengthening applied basic research. It will establish mechanisms for the prediction, discovery, assessment and early warning of leading-edge and disruptive technologies, appropriately lay out major national scientific research infrastructures, set up a batch of national key laboratories and national innovation platforms, implement a batch of major national cutting-edge science and technology projects, focus on strengthening applied basic research in the field of green and low-carbon technologies, and stimulate disruptive technological innovations. It will also innovate talent training modes, optimize the setting of disciplines and specialties in colleges and universities, and consolidate the intellectual foundation for green transformation.
(xxii) Accelerating research and development of key technologies. To promote the self-reliance of green and low-carbon technologies, take green transformation-related technologies as an important direction of support for key special projects under the national key research and development plan, focusing on the green and low-carbon transformation of energy sources, the re-engineering of low-carbon and zero-carbon processes, new types of electric power systems, carbon dioxide capture, utilization and sequestration, the conservation, intensification and recycling of resources, and the treatment of new pollutants, and to coordinate and strengthen the research and development of key core technologies. Strengthening the status of enterprises as the main body of scientific and technological innovation, supporting leading enterprises to take the lead in forming key core technology research and development consortiums, increasing funding for the research and development of green and low-carbon technologies for small and medium-sized enterprises, and encouraging enterprises of all types of ownership to participate in relevant national science and technology programs.
(xxiii) Carry out innovation demonstration and promotion. Give full play to the key leading role of innovation in green transformation. Carry out multi-level pilots to promote synergies in reducing pollution and carbon emissions in key areas such as industry, energy, transportation, urban and rural construction and agriculture. Implement green low-carbon advanced technology demonstration projects, and accelerate the demonstration, application and popularization of advanced and applicable technologies. It will improve the assessment and trading system for green and low-carbon technologies and the service platform for scientific and technological innovation, explore business models conducive to the development of new green and low-carbon industries and new business forms, strengthen the creation, protection and application of intellectual property rights for green and low-carbon technologies, and stimulate the vitality of innovation in the whole society.
X. Improving the green transition policy system
(xxiv) Improving fiscal and taxation policies for green transformation. It is actively building a fiscal and taxation policy system conducive to the promotion of green and low-carbon development and the efficient use of resources, and supporting the construction of a new energy system, the transformation and upgrading of traditional industries, green and low-carbon scientific and technological innovations, the economical and intensive use of energy resources, and the promotion of a green and low-carbon lifestyle, among other areas of work. Implement tax incentives for environmental protection, energy and water conservation, comprehensive utilization of resources, new energy and clean energy vehicles and vessels. It will improve the green tax system, fully implement the change of water resource fees to taxes, improve the environmental protection tax collection system, and study tax policies related to supporting carbon emission reduction.
(xxv) Enrichment of financial instruments for green transition. Extend the implementation period of carbon emission reduction support tools to the end of 2027. It will study and formulate financial standards for the transition, and provide reasonable and necessary financial support for the green and low-carbon transformation of traditional industry sectors. Encourage banks to guide the green allocation of credit resources on the basis of a reasonable assessment of risks, and support the development of green credit through governmental financial guarantee institutions where conditions exist. Encourage local governments to reduce the financing cost of green bonds through various ways. Actively develop green equity financing, green financial leasing, green trust and other financial tools, and orderly promote the innovation of carbon financial products and derivatives. Developing green insurance and exploring the establishment of a differentiated insurance premium rate mechanism.
(xxvi) Optimizing investment mechanisms for green transformation. Innovating and optimizing the investment mechanism and encouraging various types of capital to increase the proportion of investment in green and low-carbon areas. Investment within the central budget will actively support key projects in areas such as demonstration of advanced green and low-carbon technologies, energy conservation and carbon reduction in key industries, efficient recycling of resources, and environmental infrastructure construction. Guiding and regulating the participation of social capital in the investment, construction and operation of green and low-carbon projects, and encouraging social capital to set up green and low-carbon industrial investment funds in a market-oriented manner. Support qualified new energy, ecological environmental protection and other green transformation-related projects to issue real estate investment trusts (REITs) in the infrastructure sector.
(xxvii) Improving pricing policies for green transformation. Deepen power price reform, improve the price mechanism that encourages flexible power sources to participate in system regulation, implement the coal power capacity tariff mechanism, study the establishment of a sound price formation mechanism for new types of energy storage, improve the ladder tariff system and time-sharing tariff policy, and improve the ladder tariff system for high-energy-consuming industries. It will also improve the policies of ladder water price for residents, non-residents' water consumption and special water consumption with over-fixed progressive tariff increase, and push forward the comprehensive reform of agricultural water price. It will support localities to improve charging models, promote the reform of charging methods for domestic garbage disposal, and establish an incentive mechanism for the classification and reduction of urban domestic garbage.
(xxviii) Improving market-based mechanisms for green transformation. It will improve the market-oriented allocation system for resources and environmental factors, perfect the norms of the trading system and supporting systems such as registration, transfer, assignment and mortgage, and explore financing tools based on the rights and interests of resources and the environment. Improve the compensation mechanism for horizontal ecological protection and the mechanism for realizing the value of ecological products. Promote the construction of the national carbon emissions trading market and the greenhouse gas voluntary emission reduction trading market, improve the regulations and systems, and expand the scope of trading industries in an orderly manner at an appropriate time. Improve the green power certificate trading system, and strengthen the policy synergy of green power, green certificates, carbon trading and other market-based mechanisms.
(xxix) Building a green development standard system. It will establish a carbon peak-attainment and carbon neutralization standard system, promote the formulation and revision of basic general standards and standards related to carbon emission reduction and carbon removal, and formulate standards for accounting, reporting and verification of corporate carbon emissions and product carbon footprints. Accelerating the updating and upgrading of energy-saving standards, upgrading the energy consumption limit requirements for key products, and expanding the coverage of energy consumption limit standards. Improve the renewable energy standard system and industrial green low-carbon standard system, and establish and improve the standard for hydrogen energy "production, storage, transportation and utilization".
XI. Enhancing international cooperation on the green transition
(xxx) Participate in leading the global green transformation process. Upholding the concept of a community of human destiny, it will actively participate in international rule-making in the areas of climate change, marine pollution control, biodiversity conservation and plastic pollution control, and will promote the construction of a fair, reasonable and win-win global environmental and climate governance system. It will promote the implementation of global development initiatives, strengthen South-South cooperation and cooperation with neighboring countries, and provide support to developing countries within its capacity.
(xxxi) Strengthening policy exchanges and practical cooperation. It will expand bilateral and multilateral channels for dialogue and cooperation, strengthen the construction of multilateral cooperation platforms in the field of green development, vigorously publicize the effectiveness of China's green transformation, and actively draw on international experience. It will strengthen green investment and trade cooperation, promote the construction of the "Green Silk Road", deepen practical cooperation with relevant countries, improve the environmental sustainability of overseas projects, and encourage the import and export of green and low-carbon products. It will strengthen cooperation in green technology, encourage universities and scientific research institutions to carry out academic exchanges with foreign countries, and actively participate in international large-scale scientific projects. It will strengthen international cooperation on green standards and conformity assessment, participate in the formulation and revision of relevant international standards, and promote the convergence and mutual recognition of carbon footprint and other rules with major trading partners.
XII. Organization and implementation
(xxxii) Adhering to and strengthening the overall leadership of the Party. Under the centralized and unified leadership of the CPC Central Committee, the Party will accelerate the comprehensive green transformation of economic and social development, and implement the Party's leadership into the entire process and all aspects of its work. All regions and departments should clarify the key tasks of green transformation in their own regions and departments, and implement this opinion in conjunction with the actual situation. All relevant units, people's groups and social organizations should actively promote green transformation in their own fields. The National Development and Reform Commission should strengthen coordination, work with relevant departments to establish a new mechanism for comprehensive transition from dual control of energy consumption to dual control of carbon emissions, formulate and implement a comprehensive evaluation and assessment system for carbon peaking and carbon neutrality, carry out scientific assessments, and strengthen the application of the results of the evaluation and assessment. Important situations in a timely manner and in accordance with the procedures to the CPC Central Committee and the State Council for instructions and reports.
(xxxiii) Strengthening the rule of law. All relevant units should accelerate the work of formulating and revising laws and regulations such as the Ecological and Environmental Code and the Energy Law, the Energy Conservation Law, the Electricity Law, the Coal Law, the Renewable Energy Law, and the Law on the Promotion of the Circular Economy, as well as studying and formulating special laws on coping with climate change and carbon peaking and carbon neutralization. Implementing the green principles of the Civil Code, guiding civil subjects to conserve energy resources and protect the ecological environment. Improve the mechanism for linking administrative law enforcement and criminal justice. In accordance with the law, it will carry out litigation for compensation for ecological and environmental damages, public interest litigation in the field of ecological environment and resource protection, and improve the mechanism for compensating and repairing ecological and environmental damages.
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